Relative Currents

Boundary Shear Stress in a Trapezoidal Channel

This paper focuses on a hydraulic radius separation approach used to calculate the boundary shear stress in terms of bed and wall shear stress proposed in a trapezoidal channel. The average bed and sidewall shear stress in smooth trapezoidal open channels are derived after using Guo & Julien (2005) early equations taking a part of an investigation to cover both rectangular and trapezoidal chann...

First-degree relative risk: in utero levetiracetam and valproate exposure.

Wrist extensor torque production and discomfort associated with low-frequency and burst-modulated kilohertz-frequency currents.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A randomized controlled trial to compare 2 forms of monophasic pulsed currents with 2 forms of burst-modulated, kilohertz-frequency alternating current ("Russian current" and "Aussie current") was conducted to establish whether different amounts of wrist extensor torque were produced and whether discomfort varied with stimulus type. SUBJECTS The 32 subjects were adults ...

Observability analysis of 2D single beacon navigation in the presence of constant currents for two classes of maneuvers

We analyze the observability properties of an underwater vehicle (moving in 2D) performing single beacon navigation for two specific classes of maneuvers, whereby the vehicle measures its distance to a fixed transponder located at a known position using an acoustic ranging device. We show that in the presence of known ocean currents, the system is found to be globally observable for constant re...

Persistent currents and discharge patterns in rat hindlimb motoneurons.

We report here the first direct measurements of persistent inward currents (PICs) in rat hindlimb motoneurons, obtained from ketamine-xylazine anesthetized rats during slow voltage ramps performed by single-electrode somatic voltage clamp. Most motoneurons expressed PICs and current-voltage (I-V) relations often contained a negative-slope region (NSR; 13/19 cells). PICs activated at -52.7 ± 3.8...